Global trade has shown remarkable robustness in the past few years, even under progressively difficult operational circumstances. While there’s a gradual downturn underway, there are still promising factors. 

Currently responsible for 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions, maritime transport must decarbonise whilst facing extensive costs and adverse economic operating environments, as well as increasing geopolitical risks.

The increasing frequency, intensity, and unpredictability of climate crises have significant implications for the sustainability of sovereign debt due to the impacts on debtors’ repayment abilities.